I was talking with a group of friends recently about happiness vs sadness. Without even thinking I blurted out "Being happy is just SOOO much easier then being sad. Sadness takes all of these draining emotions, you have to cry, your demeanor changes, you feel pain...not fun! Happiness just comes naturally, and it's contagious!" After the words escaped my mouth I immediately regretted them. What if happiness isn't as easy for the whole world as it is for me? What if some people have to work really really hard to be happy? What if some people are just faking it till they make it in the happiness department? Is happiness a state of mind? A predisposition? Are there different forms of happiness? Man, this really got me thinking! What is happiness?
I am very into words and definitions, so delving into my research the first thing on the list was a Wikipedia search! The definition of happiness according to Wikipedia (which of course is gospel!) is as follows: "Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well being characterized by pleasant or positive emotions ranging from contentment to immense joy." I loved that! Immense joy! That sounds euphoric!
Another thought from Wiki is that happiness is
so fundamental to the human condition that we deemed it an unalienable right in the declaration of independence "Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Obviously this whole happiness thing didn't just come up, it has been an uphill battle from the get go of humanity! I am reminded of a scripture: "Adam fell that men might be, and men are that they might have joy." (2 Nephi 2:25) The fact that we focus so much on having or obtaining joy in The Gospel of Jesus Christ goes to show that it is not something that necessarily comes easily. It is something that must be worked at or obtained.
So how much of happiness is predisposed or genetic? We have all seen "happy babies", as well as colicky miserable babies, is that any tell tale sign of how happy the child will grow up to be? According to Sonja Lyubomirsky in her book The How of Happiness 50% of a human's happiness level is genetically determined, 10% is affected by circumstances, and 40% of happiness is subject to self-control.To me those statistics mean that even in the worst case scenario, with the most unhappy genetics, and worse circumstances we still have the choice to be happy with the remaining 40%. Being dealt those particular cards in life, we would obviously have to work a lot harder to be happy. We would have to somehow turn that 10% of circumstance from a negative to a positive, just to be able to make out our genetics equal to our circumstance and self control, however it is possible to be at 50% happiness, even in the worst of cases!
According to psychologist Martin Seligman humans are happiest when they have:
1. Pleasure (warm bed, tasty food, baths, ect)
2. Engagement (or flow the absorption of an enjoyed yet challenging activity.)
3. Relationships (Social ties)
4. Meaning (a perceived quest or belonging to something bigger)
5. Accomplishment (having realized tangible goals)
*More studies conclude that happiness is also linked to serving others, as well as active participation in an organized religion.
Research shows that happy people live 14% longer (which equates to 7.5-10 years longer)
According to researchers Hills and Argyle happiness is directly related with extroversion. I found this fascinating! They found that the more extroverted a person, the more easily they deal with negative affects. Extroverts are more positive, and emotionally stable. This really makes so much sense! I feel like being an extrovert myself I can relate, one of the things that makes me happiest is being around my friends. People to lift me up, and reach out, and encourage me.. Another thing that these two researchers found is that happiness is more prevalent in extroverts because they are more likely to go out and find happiness, for example, being around people makes them happy, so they create more social occasions to be around people and thus becoming happier. Another study I found was by Ashton, Lee, Paunonen "...
the core element of extroversion is a tendency to behave in ways that attract, hold, and enjoy social attention...one of the fundamental qualities of social attention is its potential of being rewarding. Therefore, if a person shows positive emotions of enthusiasm, energy, and excitement, that person is seen favorably by others and he or she gains others' attention. This favorable reaction from others likely encourages extroverts to engage in further extroverted behavior."
Basically it's a cycle, one I have often found myself in the middle of. I like people, I have a party, I miss people, I have a party. I totally agree with this study, it is basically how my brain operates. I love the positive emotions, and validations of others, therefore I seek situations in which I can gain them.
Another interesting study by Kuppens found that when extroverts and introverts experience feelings of enjoyment, they engage in the emotion is different ways. "
if everything is going well in an extrovert's life, which is a source of pleasant feelings, extroverts see such situation as an opportunity to engage in active behavior and goal pursuit, which brings about an active, aroused pleasant (or enjoyable) state. Yet, when everything is going good for introverts, they see it as an opportunity to let down their guard, resulting in them feeling relaxed and content."
Another reason to marry an extrovert eh?
Okay, enough with the research and definition side of happiness, basically in conclusion happiness is totally different for everyone. Something I had never really realized. For some people (like me) happiness is something inanely there. Happiness is my cruise control setting. Others have to work far harder, and put in way more effort. To wrap it all up I will leave you with some random insights (complete with pictures) about the types of people I have encountered, and the forms of happiness they exude:
The Disney-This person is obliviously happy. Happiness is just there, no rhyme or reason.(perhaps they haven't experienced enough sorrow to actually know true happiness.)
The Eeyore-This person, no matter how hard they try, keeps getting knocked down by life. They fail to see life's beauties (ie a butterfly) as a blessing, but rather relate them to a curse, or sign that something bad is about to happen (ie about to destroy your house). This person tries to be social, and outgoing, but after being knocked down so many times cannot seem to find the energy to be positive, or seek out the positive in life at all. (These are the people whom you often encounter that seem to have negativity surrounding every aspect of their lives. They cannot seem find the happiness in the simple things they are blessed with.)
The Scrooge-This person has basically lost hope, and it will take a visitor to show them past, present, and future to recover. They are so far gone down the path of sadness and despair, that they have begun to lash out to those who they love and need most. This person is most definitely not fun to be around, and honestly does not want to be around you at all.
The Amelia Bedelia-This person constantly misunderstands everything and everyone, getting most everything in their lives wrong, and using their own innocent interpretations to take direction. Somehow this person manages to keep a positive outlook, and always seems to be happy regardless the circumstance. (Ignorance is bliss right???)
Bob the Builder-"Can we fix it? YES WE CAN!" This person takes the time to identify the problem, and come up with a solution. They do need encouragement from an audience of course, but this person always comes out on top with a little bit of hard work, and some positive reinforcements.
The Rome- "Rome wasn't built in a day," therefore happiness cannot be achieved over night. This person values the time it takes to prefect something, and while being happy is a constant battle they have the optimistic hope that one day they will reach their reality of true happiness.
The facebook-This person is socially happy, (extrovert syndrome of happiness I talked about before). This person needs social praise and approval of others, therefore posting a funny status, or great picture which elicits strings of comments and likes are all this person needs to be happy...be careful though, it's an endless cycle, and constant need for approval can be exhausting. This person also might have a problem with comparing their happiness to those around them. Remember you are uniquely you!
The Mother Theresa-This person embodies the above quote about spreading love. This person lives to make the lives of others happy, and by so doing is one of the happiest people there is.
Back to the statistics, if a person is genetically happy, (50%), circumstantially happy (10%), and self-imposed happy (40%) a person has the ability to be 100% happy! I hope that we can all achieve this kind of happiness!!!